Minggu, 22 Juni 2014

TASK 1 EXPLAIN ELIPTICAL STRUCTURE

Nama     : ACHMAD RIZKY
NPM      : 10210089
Kelas     : 4ea18



Elliptical Structure
      Elliptical sentences is a shorter form of sentences which some words have been ommitted, but it retains the same meaning. It is used that we can avoid unnecesarry repeated words. It is noticeable that elliptical sentences are used quite common in some contexts as :


a. In normal conversation
    - Rendi : Ready? (Are you ready?)
       Agus  : Yes, I am (Yes, I'm sure)

b. In Comparasion
    - Robby is smarter than Bayu
       (Robby is smarter than Bayu Is smart)

c. In sentences joined by coordinating conjunctions
    - I likes Blueberry blended, Agus coffee blended, and Santo milk tea.
       (I likes Blueberry blended, Agus likes coffee blended, and Santo likes milk tea). 

d. In some dependent clauses
    - If we clean the classroom today, they will tomorrow.
   (If we clean the classroom today, they will clean the classroom tomorrow).

e. In reduced clause
    - The song sung by Jennifer Lopez was so popular.
    (The song which was sung by Jennifer Lopez was popular).

f. In 'So, Too, Either/Neither'
   - Ferry is happy, so am I
      Hadi speaks English Well, Prahara does too.
   - Jhon isn't happy, either am I.
      Hadi doesn't speaks Arabian, Prahara doesn't either.
   


References : 

TASK 2 PROMOTING PRODUCTS

NAMA  : ACHMAD RIZKY
NPM     : 10210089
KELAS : 4EA18


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 MODAL AUXILIARIES 

What are "modal auxiliary verbs"?


The verbs can, could, will, would, should, may, might, must, ought and shall are verbs which 'help' other verbs to express a meaning: it is important to realise that these "modal verbs" have no meaning by themselves. A modal verb such aswould has several varying functions; it can be used, for example, to help verbs express ideas about the past, the present and the future. It is therefore wrong to simply believe that "would is the past of will": it is many other things.

1. CAN and COULD 
Talking about ability
  • Can you speak Bahasa ? (present)
  • She could play the guitar when she was five. (Past)
Making requests
  • Can you give me a ring at about 10?
  • Could you speak up a bit please? (slightly more formal, polite or 'softer') 
Asking permission
  • Can I ask you a question?
  • Could I ask you a personal question? (more formal, polite or indirect) 
2. WILL and WOULD
Making personal predictions
  • I don't think the Queen will ever abdicate.
  • I doubt if I'll stay here much longer 
Talking about the past with certainty
  • I'm sure you will have noticed that attendance has fallen sharply 
Making a semi-formal request
  • Will you open the window, please? It's very hot in here. Sign this, will you? 
Polite requests and offers (a 'softer' form of will)
  • Would you like another cup of tea?
  • Would you give me a ring after lunch? I'd like the roast duck, please.
In conditionals, to indicate 'distance from reality': imagined, unreal, impossible situations
  • If I ruled the world, every day would be the first day of Spring.
  • It would have been better if you'd word processed your assignment.
4. MAY AND MIGHT 
Talking about the present or future with uncertainty
  • She may be back in her office: the lecture finished ten minutes ago.
  • I may go shopping tonight, I haven't decided yet.
  • England might win the World Cup, you never know. 
Talking about the past with uncertainty
  • I'm surprised he failed. I suppose he might have been ill on the day of the exam.
  • They can also sometimes be used for talking about permission, but usually only in formal situations. Instead of saying May I open a window? we would say Is it all right/OK if I open a window? or Can I open a window? for example. You might, however, see: 
  • Students may not borrow equipment without written permission. 
5. SHOULD AND MUST
Giving advice
  • I think you should go for the Alfa rather than the Audi.
  • You shouldn't be drinking if you're on antibiotics.
  • You shouldn't have ordered that chocolate dessert - you're not going to finish it 
Ought to

Ought to usually has the same meaning as should, particularly in affirmative statements in the present:
  • You should/ought to get your hair cut.
  • Should is much more common (and easier to say!), so if you're not sure, use should 
Strong advice and invitations
  • I think you really must make more of an effort.
  • You must go and see the film - it's brilliant.
  • You must come and see me next time you're in town.
Saying you think something is certain
  • This must be the place - there's a white car parked outside.
  • You must be mad.
  • What a suntan! You must have had great weather
6. SHALL
Making offers
  • Shall I fetch you another glass of wine?
Making suggestions
  • Shall we go to the cinema tonight?
  http://library.bcu.ac.uk/learner/Grammar%20Guides/3.07%20Modals.html

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